Who gets 45 days visa-free, and who does not
Vietnam runs a unilateral visa exemption for a fixed list of countries. The stays were raised from 15 to 45 days in 2023, then the list was renewed and widened in 2025, so these are the rules in force through 2026 and well into 2028. The European passports on the 45-day list are: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and Switzerland. Britain, Russia, Japan and South Korea sit on the same list, which helps when you compare notes with other travelers at the border.
Two expiry dates matter, and neither falls in 2026. The long-standing group, which includes Germany, France, Italy, Spain and the Nordic countries, runs to 14 March 2028. The twelve countries added in August 2025, Belgium through Switzerland, run to 14 August 2028. If your passport is on either group, you enter with a plain stamp, no e-visa, no letter, no fee, at airports and at land borders alike, including Lao Bao.
The stamp gives you 45 days from the day of entry. The exemption cannot be extended inside Vietnam, and there is no office that will add days to it. A visa run is the standard reset: leave on or before day 45, come back over the border, and the officer stamps you in for another 45 days the same afternoon. Do not cut it to the last day. Border computers log your exit and entry, and arriving with two or three days of margin keeps the day calm if the road is slow.
Here is the part that surprises people. Not every EU country made the list. Austria, Portugal, Ireland, Greece, Cyprus, Malta, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are missing from it, and so are Iceland and Liechtenstein on the Schengen side. Those passports need the e-visa described next, no matter how European their holder feels.